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KING DUTUGEMUNU


                                                      KING DUTUGEMUNU                                                                   


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Dutugamunu (Sinhala: දුටුගැමුණු Duṭugämuṇu), also known as Dutthagamani duṭṭhagāmaṇī and Gāmaṇī Abhaya ("fearless Gamini"), was a Sinhalese king of Sri Lanka who reigned from 161 BC to 137 BC. He is renowned for defeating and overthrowing Elara, the usurping Tamil prince from the Chola Kingdom, who had invaded the Kingdom of Rajarata in 205 BC. Dutugamunu also expanded and beautified the city of Anuradhapura and projected the power of his native Rajarata region across the island of Sri Lanka.

Due to his significance as one of the most potent symbols of Sinhalese historical power, Dutugemunu's story is swathed in myth and legend. However, many aspects of the accounts of his life have been verified by contemporary inscriptions, and the basic account of his life is generally 


Dutugemunu's given name was Gamini (Sinhala:ගාමිණි) or Gamani (Sinhala:ගාමණි) as the first name, a traditional Buddhist name still popular in Sri Lanka today and the second name as Abhaya (Sinhala:අභය) which means fearless. The Mahavamsa describes how as a youth he mocked his father Kavantissa (Sinhala:කාවන්තිස්ස), king of Ruhuna (Sinhala:රුහුණ), for refusing to wage war against the powerful invading Elara (Sinhala:එළාර), the Solee (Sinhala:සොළී)king of Anuradhapura (Sinhala:අනුරාධපුර) who usurped the throne by killing the native kings. The prince stated that 'If [his] father were a man he would not speak thus' and sent him a piece of women's jewellery. The resulting fury of the king caused many of his friends to flee to Malaya region and the prince himself being dubbed Dutthagamani, meaning "disobedient". After his death, he was referred to as Dharma Gamini ("righteous Gamini"), but it is as Duttha Gamini or Dutugemunu that he is known to posterity.



  

ක්රි.පූ. 161 සිට ක්රි.පූ 137 දක්වා රජකම් කළ ශ්රී ලංකාවේ සිංහල රජෙකු වූ දුටුගැමුණු (සිංහල: දුටුගැමුණු දුටුගුම්මනුව) යනුවෙන් හැඳින්වෙන දුටුගැමුණු ඩුත්ඝඝගම්න් සහ ගාමි අබායා ("නිර්භීත ගාමිණී") යනුවෙන් ද හැඳින්වේ. ක්රි.පූ. 205 දී රජරට රාජධානිය ආක්රමණය කළ චෝල රාජධානියෙන් පැහැරගෙන ගිය දෙමළ කුමාරයා වන එලාර පරාජය කිරීම සහ සුන්නද්දූවීම ඔහු පිළිගනු ලැබීය. දුටුගැමුණු විසින් අනුරාධපුර නගරය පුලුල් කොට අලංකාර කරන ලද අතර ශ්රී ලංකාවේ දිවයින පුරා පිහිටි ඔහුගේ රජරට ප්රදේශයෙහි බලය ප්රක්ෂේපනය කළේය. සිංහල ඓතිහාසික බලයේ වඩාත්ම බලසම්පන්න සංකේතයන් ලෙස ඔහුගේ වැදගත්කම නිසා මිතුදම හා පුරාවෘත්තය තුල දුටුගැමුණුගේ කතාව මිශ්ර වී ඇත. කෙසේ වෙතත්, ඔහුගේ ජීවිතයේ ගිණුම් බොහොමයක් නිරූපණය කර ඇත්තේ සමකාලීන ශිලා ලේඛන වලින් වන අතර ඔහුගේ ජීවිතයේ මූලික වාර්තාව සාමාන්යයෙන් ය දුටුගැමුණුගේ නම වූයේ ගාමිණී (සිංහල: ගාමිණී) හෝ ගාමනී (සිංහල: ගාමිණී) යන නමයි. වර්තමානයේ ශ්රී ලංකාවේ අදටත් ජනප්රිය නාමය සහ අබායා (සිංහල: අභිප්රේ) යන නාමයයි. මහාවංසය විස්තර කරන්නේ තරුණයෙකු ලෙස තම පියා වූ කාවන්ත (Sinhala: කවනතිස්ස) රුහුණේ රජු (සිංහල: රුහුණ) නින්දාවට ලක්වූ බලවත් ආක්රමණිකයන් වන එල්රා (සිංහල: එලලා), සොලී (සිංහල: වොලි) අනුරාධපුර රාජධානිය (සිංහල: අනුරාධපුරය) රජ්ජුරුවෝ මරා දැමීමෙන් සිංහාසනය උදුරා ගත්හ. කුමාරයා ප්රකාශ කළේ "ඔහුගේ පියා මිනිසෙකු නම් ඔහු එසේ නොකියවුවාය. ඔහු ස්ත්රී ස්වර්ණාභරණ කෑල්ලක් එව්වේය. රජුගේ කෝපය නිසා ඔහුගේ මිත්රයන් බොහෝදෙනෙකු මලය ප්රදේශයට පලා ගොස් ඇති අතර, අධිපතියා "දුෂ්ටාත්මාවේශ" යන අර්ථය ඇති දුටුගැමැනි නමින් හඳුන්වනු ලැබීය. ඔහුගේ මරණයෙන් පසු ඔහු ධර්ම ගාමිණී ("ධර්මිෂ්ඨ ගාමිණී") ලෙස හඳුන්වනු ලැබුවද, එය දුටුගැමුණු හෙවත් දුටුගැමුණු ලෙස ද හැඳින්විය හැකිය.











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